Montana index · last changed 14 September 2026

Montana data centers: what the public record shows.

Selected source-linked records are published below. This is not a complete inventory of Montana data centers.

2 sourced policy records for Montana ↓Facility register: 16 records · by county →1 published DataCenterData record · evidence status shown per row12 licensed directory leads · not independently verifiedThese counts overlap and are not added together

Explore Montana

Map, listings and checked facts.

Start with 12 licensed source leads, then inspect the separate public-evidence layer below. Licensed rows are not independently verified and are not a statewide census.

Montana map

Reported locations in Montana

12 licensed rows · 8 source localities · 4 map targets

Open interactive map
MT5 licensed rows in the Billings, MT Metro Area · 2 source locality labels · opens the Montana interactive map5Great Falls · 2 licensed rows · derived locality summary from 2 source coordinates (2 approximate) · symbol offset slightly from its projected anchor for readability22 licensed rows in the Missoula, MT Metro Area · 2 source locality labels · opens the Montana interactive map · symbol offset slightly from its projected anchor for readability23 licensed rows in the Bozeman area · 3 source locality labels · opens the Montana interactive map · symbol offset slightly from its projected anchor for readability3
Source-reported points; some are approximate. Not parcel boundaries. Exact Approximate or representative Bounded nearby groupA number on a marker is the count of licensed rows it holds.Licensed layer only (Compute Atlas, source data through 14 October 2026). The interactive map lists 18 data-center source listings here across licensed, operator and DataCenterData layers (13 with a map point); 18 with government registry records. Source listings are not distinct sites.3 symbols are offset slightly for readability; thin connectors retain their projected anchors. Open the interactive map for source coordinates.
Browse 4 mapped areas as links
Map sources and method

The state outline is adapted from the U.S. Census Bureau 2025 cartographic boundary file. Facility coordinates are adapted from Compute Atlas by Edward Kubiak, edition 1.34.1, under CC BY 4.0. Outline and markers use one geographic projection before any explicitly disclosed readability offset. Exact singleton source anchors are never moved. A one-kilometre boundary tolerance prevents the simplified 1:20,000,000 outline from hiding legitimate border-area source points; farther conflicts are disclosed, not clamped. DataCenterData groups source-reported city coordinates only within a bounded map radius; the outline does not validate a facility record. Some locations in this layer are reported by the provider as derived from OpenStreetMap (© OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL, https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright) and Epoch AI (CC BY 4.0).

12 licensed rows8 reported city labels10 eligible organization labels
8source-reported operational3source-reported cancelled1source-reported proposed

Browse all 12 rows below. Licensed rows are not independently verified and remain separate from the checked public-evidence layer.

Official metro areasBillings, MT 5 mapped listingsGreat Falls, MT 2 mapped listingsMissoula, MT 2 mapped listingsBozeman, MT 1 mapped listingHelena, MT 1 mapped listing
Billings 4Great Falls 2Bonner 1Bozeman 1Butte 1Colstrip 1Helena 1Missoula 1
Counties in the facility registerCascade 2Gallatin 1Lewis and Clark 1Missoula 2Rosebud 1Silver Bow 2Yellowstone 4
Vision Net 3Advanced Communications Technology (Range) 1Cogent Communications 1Krambu 1Montana Opticom LLC 1North Data Center, LLC 1Parsec Data Management, Inc. 1Quantica Infrastructure 1
  1. ACT Colstrip Data Center

    Advanced Communications Technology (Range)

    227 Power Rd · Colstrip · Rosebud County · Montana · 59323

    source-reported operationalCapacity not statedSource updated 8 October 2026approximate location
    View lead →Facility record →dcd-dir-001745
  2. Big Sky Digital Infrastructure Campus

    Quantica Infrastructure

    Billings · Yellowstone County · Montana

    source-reported proposedReported planned 1,000 MWSource updated 8 October 2026approximate location
    View lead →Facility record →dcd-dir-001229
Browse all 12 rowsFind sourced answers about MontanaSearch all evidence for Montana

Separate layer

Also listed by operators

Sites that operators list on their own websites and that are not rows in the licensed directory above. They are kept apart and never added to the licensed rows.

5 operator-listed sites (mixed units; not added to licensed rows) in Montana →

4 of these sites have no supported coordinate. The map does not invent a pin or a metro placement for them.

Montana evidence at a glance

A few checked sites

Selected public evidence, not a statewide census. Each row shows whether it is independently source-linked, attributed, or unresolved; licensed leads remain separate.

Published project / campus
1
Published facility / building
0
Attributed or unresolved rows
0
Licensed directory leads
12 not independently verified
Capacity boundary stated
0 of 1 published DataCenterData rows
Review timing
Audit through 14 September 2026 · next 13 March 2027
Known coverage gap

Montana Code Annotated property-class provisions for data centers were not retrieved.

Browse all 12 Montana licensed leads → · Why these counts differ →

Projects

1 project record. Names are as they appear on each record page.

Projects published for Montana
Record / rolesStatusCapacity / scalePrimary evidence
Sabey Montana Connections Data Center ProjectDeveloper: Horizons Montana, LLC proposedproject · Butte-Silver Bow Council and Montana Connections TEDD land-sale and due-diligence records through April 24, 2026 UnknownNo independently supported figureNo selected land-sale or council action establishes approved critical-IT, utility-request, utility-service, generation, gross-facility, company-design, or measured-load MW. Presentation and unrelated-project MW figures are excluded. Butte-Silver Bow Council agenda — April 16, 2025, Communication 2025-211 →Gov. record

Where the records were checked

Statewide audit pending

A few checked sites

This is not a list of every data center in the state, and the number here is not a count of them. There are almost certainly more.

Statewide coverage is not complete. The records below are sourced; a full statewide count has not been published.

State research audit window ended 14 September 2026. Individual records and claims below show their own evidence dates and may be newer.

Next scheduled coverage review: 13 March 2027.

1 independently source-linked project/campus record; 0 independently source-linked facility/building records; 0 attributed or unresolved rows. These counts use different units and must not be added together.

Source families checked, selected records and remaining gaps

These notes name selected records, say which kinds of public evidence were checked and show what remains missing. They do not add anything to the published counts.

  • Economic development incentives — Partly checked
    • Montana Code Annotated property-class provisions for data centers were not retrieved.
    • No state incentive award or certification list was located.
    • the current review did not include a broad discovery sweep for this state, so discovery relied on direct review of known official URLs.

    Selected records

  • Utility commission and large-load records — Partly checked
    • The Montana PSC docket system was unreachable in the current review (connection error), so no large-load tariff, special contract or docket number was verified.
    • NorthWestern's Rates & Tariffs and SEC filings pages were not yet reviewed directly.
    • No interconnection queue record was retrieved for the 1,100 MW Big Sky request.

    Selected records

  • Environmental and construction permits — Partly checked
    • DEQ's issued-permit database was not located; one programs path could not be retrieved and another path was unavailable.
    • No air, water or stormwater permit was found for the Big Sky, Sabey or TAC sites.
    • Montana DEQ permit numbers for other bitcoin mining sites were not swept.

    Selected records

  • Local planning, assessor and map records — Partly checked
    • City of Great Falls and Billings City-County Planning records remain incomplete; later Butte-Silver Bow records were opened for an unverified lead only.
    • No assessor or GIS parcel record was retrieved in Montana.
    • Yellowstone County zoning commission minutes for the Broadview-area site were not obtained.

    Selected records

  • Tax abatements and development agreements — Partly checked
    • The image-only proposed agreement is excluded from the queued claim because it was not independently re-read; its exact acreage, parcels and signatures remain unverified, as do authorization, execution, any amendment, closing, current contract performance and tax-abatement terms.
    • The Great Falls Development Alliance materials behind the TAC land-lease option were not obtained.
    • No Basin Creek TEDD agreement was retrieved for the separate Atlas Power lead.

    Selected records

  • Operator disclosures — Checked
    • Amazon Web Services, Microsoft, Oracle and Apple location pages were not checked for Montana.
    • Sabey Data Centers' and TAC Data Centers' own sites were not yet reviewed directly.
    • Beowulf Electricity and Data's site was not yet reviewed directly.

    Selected records

  • Open datasets and directories — Checked
    • Data Center Map could not be retrieved during review to the available access methods, so no directory cross-check of Montana colocation facilities was possible.
    • Baxtel and similar listings were not used.

    Selected records

  • Closures, withdrawals and former names — Partly checked
    • No city, county or state record confirming the TAC withdrawal was obtainable.
    • Whether the Hardin decommissioning is permanent is unresolved; the operator says it intends to expand.
    • No archived-page sweep was performed for renamed Montana facilities.

    Selected records

  • News and other discovery — Partly checked
    • Data Center Dynamics could not be retrieved during review to retrieval, so the 1 GW campus report was not read.
    • The MEIC hub page's per-project sub-pages were not enumerable from the saved HTML.
    • Legislative Energy and Technology Interim Committee minutes, referenced in the news, were not retrieved.

    Selected records

Local evidence by place

Licensed and operator listings, reviewed records, answers and local policy for each place. Listings overlap and are not added; a place without a line here has no published local evidence.

No local evidence answer, reviewed record or local policy record is published for Billings, Bonner, Bozeman, Butte, Colstrip, Great Falls, Helena, Missoula. Their listings above are source listings to investigate. No statewide evidence answer is published for Montana either; statewide rules are under Policy tracker below.

Policy tracker

Montana policy records

2 sourced records are associated with this state context. They are grouped below as current, pending and nonbinding, and history, and each card shows its relevant date. These are not facility counts and do not cover every locality.

Current 2 records

Recorded as in effect on the dataset date. This does not mean every project in a represented state is restricted or approved.

Enacted legislation or regulation

2025 amendments to data center property class and sale of data center power

In effect · Montana · State

Effective: 13 May 2025

Issuing authority: Montana Legislature

Montana House Bill 424, Laws 2025 chapter 678, amended the class seventeen property classification for qualified data centers, extended the period in which data center property must be built, revised ownership rules and required school equalization mills on class seventeen property in tax increment districts.

Read the sourced record · Primary source

Federal and multistate

Federal and multistate instruments that cover all or part of Montana

These federal, reliability-organization and multistate grid or utility instruments are stored once and listed for every jurisdiction they name. They do not add to the record count, in-effect total or map shading for Montana. Territorial coverage does not establish that an instrument applies to any particular site, utility or project.

Enacted legislation or regulation · Listed coverage: part of Montana

Southwest Power Pool: Conditional High Impact Large Load Service accepted by FERC (ER26-1323)

In effect · Southwest Power Pool region (multistate) · Regional grid

Effective: 1 July 2026

Issuing authority: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

On 5 June 2026 the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission accepted Southwest Power Pool tariff revisions, effective 1 July 2026, that add Conditional High Impact Large Load Service, a non-firm transmission service that can serve a large load such as a data center before long-term firm service is available, for up to seven years and subject to curtailment.

Read the sourced record · Primary source

Enacted legislation or regulation · Listed coverage: part of Montana

Southwest Power Pool: High Impact Large Load study processes accepted by FERC (ER26-247)

In effect · Southwest Power Pool region (multistate) · Regional grid

Effective: 15 January 2026

Issuing authority: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

On 14 January 2026 the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission accepted Southwest Power Pool tariff revisions, effective 15 January 2026, that add a High Impact Large Load study process and a generation assessment for those loads.

Read the sourced record · Primary source

Open the Montana policy comparison

Review dates: the 2 Montana records were last checked 23 September 2026 to 3 November 2026. 1 scheduled review is overdue as of the tracker date 3 November 2026: 2025 amendments to data center property class and sale of data center power (last checked 23 September 2026, review due 23 October 2026). Overdue means not re-read yet, not changed. No single record, and not this list, establishes complete statewide policy coverage.